Alveolar membrane
The lung’s gas exchange surface—surrounded by a network of capillaries. Across the membrane, oxygen is diffused into the capillaries and carbon dioxide released from the capillaries into the alveoli for exhilation.
Bio-absorbable oxygen
Oxygen in dissolved form; capable of being absorbed into living tissues. Also referred as dissolved oxygen.
Bio-available oxygen
The portion of bio-absorbable oxygen that when introduced in the body is able to have an active effect.
Bio-availability
The extent of absorption of a substance introduced into the body at the cellular level; the portion utilized by the cells as a whole that was introduced in the body.
Body fluids
Water, electrolytes, cell components, proteins and other soluble particles. If they are found inside the cell they are called intracellular fluids, if outside they’re called extracellular fluids.
Cellular metabolism
Process by which the cells convert nutrients and oxygen into energy.
Cellular oxygenation
The delivery of bioavailable oxygen to the cells in a body.
Cellular respiration
The process by which the cells harness energy from oxygen to perform vital functions.
Electrolytes
Essential minerals present in body fluids that are vital to many key cellular functions. They regulate nerve and muscle function, hydrate the body, balance blood and help rebuild tissues. When dissolved in fluids, they carry an electric charge that’s conducted through the movement of ions without the movement of electrons.
Epithelium
Body tissue that covers all internal and external surfaces of your body, lines body cavities and hollow organs, and is the major tissue in glands. They perform a variety of functions that include protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, filtration, diffusion, and sensory reception.
ESOC
Electrolytic solution of oxygen chelates
Homeostasis
Stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, as maintained by physiological processes.
Interstitial fluid
The extracellular fluid that irrigates the tissues outside of blood vessels and between cells. It accumulates excess fluid during inflammatory processes.
Immune system
Large network of select organs, blood cells, antibodies and chemicals that work together to protect an organism from foreign invaders that may cause infection, illness and disease. Also helps the body recover from sickness
Ionic diffusion
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration. There is no energy spent and the transport is facilitated by the attraction of their electric charges.
Lymphatic system
Also called lymph, is an organ system part of the immune system, and complementary to the circulatory system. It consists of a large network of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, organs, and tissues
Metabolism
The set of chemical reactions that support the main processes by which an organism sustains life. Examples: Conversion of food to protein, fat, and carbohydrate macronutrients. Conversion of macronutrients to energy available for cellular functions. Elimination of the substances that were discharged during the previous metabolic processes that the body can’t consume.
Osmosis
The diffusion of water from regions of higher concentration to low concentration—along an osmotic gradient across a semi-permeable membrane.
Oxidative balance
The predominance of antioxidants in body tissues which prepares cells to protect themselves when disruptions cause a shift of the balance in favor of oxidants.
Oxidative stress
An imbalance in the body due to excess ROS or oxidants over the capability of the cell to mount an effective antioxidant response. May lead to cell and tissue damage.
Oxidative therapy
Treatments that promote cellular oxygenation, improve energy production and metabolism, modulate our immune system, and act as a direct anti-microbial agents.
Oxygen absorption
The amount of oxygen assimilated in the alveoli present in the lungs.
Oxygen precursor
A substance that facilitates the release of oxygen via chemical reaction.
Oxygen uptake
A measure of the respiratory systems capability to take in oxygen and deliver it to the tissues via the cardiovascular system; and the ability of the tissues to use the oxygen.
Oxygen utilization
The amount of oxygen that reached its final destination and is available for consumption by the tissue.
Peristalsis
A series of slow wave-like muscle contractions that start in the esophagus and move food and fluid through each step of the digestive process.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Short-lived, highly reactive oxygen molecules necessary to sustain life. Low doses of ROS activate cell survival signaling pathways and high doses of ROS activate cell death signaling pathways.
Redox
Shorthand for reduction-oxidation— it’s a complementary process where substances or molecules transfer electrons simultaneously among themselves. Redox chemical reactions support metabolic functions and are the principal source of energy in the body.
Redox homeostasis
The tendency of physiological processes to maintain a stable equilibrium—which augments the capacity of the cells to deal with biological activities that require energy; such as growing, moving, thinking, reproducing, digesting food, and repairing damaged tissues.
Redox signaling
When the transfer of electrons between specific chemical species renders codes instructing cellular processes.
Stomach epithelium
A mucous lining of columnar epithelial cells that surround the interior of the stomach. It protects from acid and enzymes that aid food digestion, and provides an impermeable barrier against bacteria (while simultaneously permeable to necessary nutritional ions).
Systemic effect
A reaction that extends to tissues distant from the point of application.
Tissue oxygenation
The consumption of oxygen by tissues; mostly due to mitochondrial respiration to generate energy for cellular metabolism.
Transdermal oxygenation
The transfer of bio-absorbable oxygen through the skin. It increases bioavailability of oxygen in the interstitial fluid without metabolic pass.